Las relaciones de género en la prevención del VIH y otras ITS en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres en los municipios Juárez, Chihuahua, México y Pinar del Río, Cuba.
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Resumen
This research focuses on vulnerability to HIV and other STIs from intragender relationships between men who have sex with men (MSM), in an attempt to blur the gender as it is seen only as relationships between men and women, or from the masculine and the feminine. In that sense, it is based on gender theory, specifically on the approach of masculinities. The general objective is to analyze how gender relations in MSM influence vulnerability to HIV and other STIs and the specific objectives are to describe gender relations between MSM; identify what kind of gender relationship is predominant among them; the conditions of vulnerability to HIV and other STIs in this group, and the differences and similarities in this regard, in two different contexts. Qualitative methodology was used. The procedure followed had two stages developed in three phases each, the first in the Juárez municipality, México, and the second, in the Pinar del Río municipality, Cuba. The first phase was the exploratory one, followed by the application of open standardized interviews, and finally, discussion groups were developed to delve into the findings of the interviews. Only MSM with 18 years of age or older were included. The ethical aspects were taken into account. The main finding was that MSM live a contextual masculinity based on hegemonic patterns from the vision of a heterosexual universe and establish, in a high percent, power relations based on male and female patterns, which determines a high vulnerability to HIV and other STIs. Based on the results, an outline of the intervention proposal is recommended to enrich, from a gender perspective, the combined prevention programs in the organizations that work on the problem.
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